Politics Ledger · Asia-Pacific
Australia
Liberal democracyConstitutional monarchyFederal
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Australia parliamentary seats — snapshot dated Elected 3 May 2025 (1y 6mo ago). Curated data may lag the live series. View data sources.
In charge
Anthony Albanese
Prime Minister
Time in power
4.4 yrs
since 2022
Government seats
63%
majority
Next national vote
2028-05
Federal
Governance score
85/100
composite of five indices
Australia federated six British colonies peacefully in 1901, built an early social-democratic "settlement" and remained a stable parliamentary democracy, while reckoning slowly with the dispossession of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
Leadership
Who Governs Australia
Head of state
Charles III
King of Australia
Since 8 September 2022 · 4.1 years
Age 78 (born 1948)ManRoute to power: hereditary
Head of government
Holds executive powerAnthony Albanese
Prime Minister · Australian Labor Party
Since 23 May 2022 · 4.4 years
Age 63 (born 1963)ManRoute to power: won a popular election
Ruling coalition
Labor majority government (94 of 150 seats)
Main opposition
Liberal-National Coalition
Last national election
3 May 2025
Federal
Labor landslide; opposition leader Peter Dutton lost his own seat.
Next national election
By May 2028
Federal
Governor-General Sam Mostyn. Albanese signed the Jakarta security treaty with Indonesia.
Parliament
House of Representatives
Seat distribution (Elected 3 May 2025), ordered from economic left to right.
| Party | Ideology | Seats | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Australian Labor Party (ALP) | Social democracy | 94 | governing |
| Liberal-National Coalition (L/NP) | Liberal conservatism, Agrarianism | 43 | opposition |
| Independents (incl. "teals") (IND) | Various | 10 | opposition |
| Others (Katter, Centre Alliance) (OTH) | Various | 2 | opposition |
| Australian Greens (GRN) | Green politics | 1 | opposition |
Ideology
Party Landscape
Each party placed on economic and social axes, sized by seats.
Institutions
The System
- Official name
- Commonwealth of Australia
- Capital
- Canberra
- Population
- 27 million
- Statehood
- Federation 1 January 1901; Constitution 1901
- System
- Constitutional monarchy
- Structure
- Federal
- Current constitution
- 1901
- Legislature
- Parliament of Australia
- Lower / sole chamber
- House of Representatives (150 seats)
- Upper chamber
- Senate (76)
- Electoral system
- Preferential (instant-runoff) voting in the House; STV in the Senate; compulsory voting.
- Term limits
- None for the prime minister; three-year House terms.
Sources
- Australian Electoral Commission
- Parliament of Australia
- EIU Democracy Index 2024; Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2025; RSF World Press Freedom Index 2025; Transparency International CPI 2024; IPU Parline, 2026; V-Dem v15 Liberal Democracy Index (approximate five-year readings)
Last verified 2026-10-29. Party placements are editorial estimates.
Data as of 2026-10-29.