Politics Ledger · Asia-Pacific
Indonesia
Electoral democracyPresidential republicUnitary
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Indonesia parliamentary seats — snapshot dated Elected 14 February 2024 (2y 9mo ago). Curated data may lag the live series. View data sources.
In charge
Prabowo Subianto
President
Time in power
2.0 yrs
since 2024
Government seats
81%
majority
Next national vote
2029-02
General
Governance score
44/100
composite of five indices
The world's largest Muslim-majority democracy went from revolution and Sukarno's Guided Democracy through Suharto's 32-year New Order to a successful but now eroding democratic Reformasi.
Leadership
Who Governs Indonesia
Head of state
Holds executive powerPrabowo Subianto
President · Gerindra
Since 20 October 2024 · 2.0 years
Age 75 (born 1951)ManRoute to power: won a popular election
Ruling coalition
Advanced Indonesia Coalition (KIM Plus): seven of eight parliamentary parties
Main opposition
PDI-P is outside cabinet but cooperative; no formal opposition
Last national election
14 February 2024
General
Prabowo won 58.6% in the first round with Gibran Rakabuming Raka, Jokowi's son, as running mate.
Next national election
By February 2029
General
August 2025 protests over legislators' perks turned deadly.
Parliament
People's Representative Council (DPR)
Seat distribution (Elected 14 February 2024), ordered from economic left to right.
| Party | Ideology | Seats | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) | Sukarnoism, Nationalism | 110 | confidence |
| Golkar (GOL) | Pancasila, Developmentalism | 102 | coalition |
| Gerindra (GER) | Nationalism, Populism | 86 | governing |
| NasDem (NAS) | Nationalism | 69 | coalition |
| National Awakening Party (PKB) | Islamic democracy (NU) | 68 | coalition |
| Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) | Islamism | 53 | coalition |
| National Mandate Party (PAN) | Islamic modernism | 48 | coalition |
| Democratic Party (PD) | Centrism | 44 | coalition |
Ideology
Party Landscape
Each party placed on economic and social axes, sized by seats.
Institutions
The System
- Official name
- Republic of Indonesia
- Capital
- Jakarta (Nusantara under construction)
- Population
- 283 million
- Statehood
- Independence 17 August 1945; Constitution 1945 (amended 1999-2002)
- System
- Presidential republic
- Structure
- Unitary
- Current constitution
- 1945
- Legislature
- People's Consultative Assembly
- Lower / sole chamber
- People's Representative Council (DPR) (580 seats)
- Upper chamber
- Regional Representative Council (DPD, 152)
- Electoral system
- Direct presidential vote; open-list PR for the DPR with a 4% threshold.
- Term limits
- President: two five-year terms.
Sources
- KPU
- DPR RI
- EIU Democracy Index 2024; Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2025; RSF World Press Freedom Index 2025; Transparency International CPI 2024; IPU Parline, 2026; V-Dem v15 Liberal Democracy Index (approximate five-year readings)
Last verified 2026-10-29. Party placements are editorial estimates.
Data as of 2026-10-29.