Politics Ledger · North America

Mexico

Electoral democracyPresidential republicFederal
Mexico parliamentary seats — snapshot dated Legislature elected June 2024 (2y 5mo ago). Curated data may lag the live series. View data sources.
Updated todaysource: Curated
curated|
Updated todaysource: Curated
estimate
In charge
Claudia Sheinbaum
President
Time in power
2.1 yrs
since 2024
Government seats
75%
majority
Next national vote
2027-06
Federal midterm (Chamber of Deputies)
Governance score
40/100
composite of five indices

Mexico's political arc runs from independence and liberal-conservative civil wars through revolution, seven decades of one-party PRI rule, a democratic transition in 2000, and the return of a dominant party with Morena.

Leadership

Who Governs Mexico

Head of state
Holds executive power
Claudia Sheinbaum
President · Morena
Since 1 October 2024 · 2.1 years
Age 64 (born 1962)WomanRoute to power: won a popular election
Ruling coalition
Sigamos Haciendo Historia: Morena, Green Party (PVEM) and Labour Party (PT), with a constitutional supermajority in the Chamber
Main opposition
National Action Party (PAN) and the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
Last national election
2 June 2024
General (presidential and congressional)

Sheinbaum won 59.8% to become Mexico's first woman president; her coalition won about 73% of Chamber seats.

Next national election
By June 2027
Federal midterm (Chamber of Deputies)
Parliament

Chamber of Deputies

Seat distribution (Legislature elected June 2024), ordered from economic left to right.

PartyIdeologySeatsRole
National Regeneration Movement (Morena)Left-wing populism, Nationalism253governing
Ecologist Green Party (PVEM)Catch-all77coalition
National Action Party (PAN)Christian democracy, Conservatism72opposition
Labour Party (PT)Socialism47coalition
Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)Centrism, Catch-all37opposition
Citizens' Movement (MC)Social liberalism13opposition
Independent (IND)Independent1opposition
Ideology

Party Landscape

Each party placed on economic and social axes, sized by seats.

Institutions

The System

Official name
United Mexican States
Capital
Mexico City
Population
131 million
Statehood
Independence 1821; current Constitution 1917
System
Presidential republic
Structure
Federal
Current constitution
1917
Legislature
Congress of the Union
Lower / sole chamber
Chamber of Deputies (500 seats)
Upper chamber
Senate (128)
Electoral system
Mixed: 300 first-past-the-post districts and 200 proportional list seats in the Chamber of Deputies.
Term limits
President: a single six-year term (sexenio), no re-election ever.

Sources

  • Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
  • INE
  • IPU Parline
  • EIU Democracy Index 2024; Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2025; RSF World Press Freedom Index 2025; Transparency International CPI 2024; IPU Parline, 2026; V-Dem v15 Liberal Democracy Index (approximate five-year readings)

Last verified 2026-10-29. Party placements are editorial estimates.

Data as of 2026-10-29.